Behaviourism—a theory and research science of learning that observes behaviour in animals and humans in order to study the relationships between ‘stimulus’, ‘response’ and ‘reinforcement’.
Brain developmentalism—the study of the physiology of the brain, or interpreting brain development from the stages of child’s stage of cognitive development, or studying language to understand ‘hard wired’ patterns of meaning and forms of thinking.
Social cognitivism—the study of the role of culture and nurture in learning, grounded in the biological affordances of body and brain.